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Easy to use movie creation and editing tool for windows. Windows Live Movie Maker features an option to adjust the aspect ratio of your project, thus making it possible to fit your photo to the screen without displaying the. How do I create a movie in Windows Movie Maker? Movie Maker is a very basic movie editing app. Use it to learn and make small fun projects. As you learn, try other software for more advanced features. Zoë Rivas is a graduate of Degrassi Community School from the Class of 2016. She is fierce and. Autoblog Alerts Want to get notified as soon as we write about the topics you're interested in? Click here to sign in and then look for the around the site to. Saving Hope 3x. 06: Alex & Joel - . There was an earthquake.. Which Are More Legible: Serif or Sans Serif Typefaces? Update March 2. 01. See my expanded critique of Colin Wheildon’s legibility research. Back in 1. 99. 8 when Times New Roman was still widely used on the web, my then boss made sure we always designed our web sites with Arial, as she hated the look of serif fonts on the web. Was it the case that sans serif fonts were more legible, or was it just a matter of taste? In 2. 00. 3 as part of my master’s degree I reviewed over 5. Introduction. An argument has been raging for decades within the scientific and typographic communities on what seems a very insignificant issue: Do serifs contribute to the legibility of typefaces, and by definition, are sans serif typefaces less legible? To date, no one has managed to provide a conclusive answer to this issue. Part 1 provides typographical definitions. Part 2 reviews the evidence for and against the legibility of serif and sans serif typefaces. Definitions. Legibility vs. Readability however concerns the optimum arrangement and layout of whole bodies of text: An illegible type, set it how you will, cannot be made readable. But the most legible of types can be made unreadable if it is set to too wide a measure, or in too large or too small a size for a particular purpose.(Dowding 1. Lund, 1. 99. 9 )Typographical features. There are many elements in the design of a typeface which can contribute to its legibility. Serif / Sans Serif“Serifs” are the small finishing strokes on the end of a character. Point size is a legacy from the letterpress system, where each letter is held on a small metal block. The point size actually refers to the size of this metal block, and not the actual size of the letter. The letter does not have to take up the full area of the block face, so two fonts with the same nominal point size can quite easily have different actual sizes. Blogs and mainstream news outlets features on a single page. A long-time married couple who've spent their lives together in the same New York apartment become overwhelmed by personal and real estate-related issues when they. Biochemistry Biology of the Book; Medicine/Diseases In a study of formerly obese people, researchers at the University of Florida found that virtually all said that they would rather be blind, deaf or have a leg. One of the most influential science fiction series of all time is coming to television: according to Deadline, David S. Goyer and Josh Friedman are developing Isaac. Retrouvez le meilleur des films porno gratuit Francais en streaming. Plus de 1200 vidéos porno gratuite a découvrir de toute urgence. Le blog des pornostars. It is often a better indicator of the apparent size of a typeface than point size ( Poulton, 1. Bix, 2. 00. 2 ). X- height. Counters. Counters are the “negative spaces” inside a character. They are also good indicators of the actual size of the type. Counters. Ascenders and descenders. Ascenders and are the vertical strokes which rise above the body of a character or x- height. Descenders are strokes which fall below the baseline of the x- height. Ascenders and descenders. Evidence. Overview of legibility research: serif vs. See this post for a more detailed critique of Weildon’s research. Particularly interesting is the case of Sir Cyril Burt, well known in psychology circles for being accused of fabricating his results. It turns out that he is likely to have continued this deceptive behaviour in his typographical work ( Hartley & Rooum, 1. Unfortunately, many researchers, typographers and graphic designers continue to cite Burt and Weildon uncritically, meaning that many of the informal resources on typography found on the web today continues to propagate unsubstantiated claims on the utility of serifs. Most disappointing however, is that in more than one hundred years of legibility research, researchers have failed to form a concrete body of theoretical knowledge on the part that serifs may play in legibility ( Lund, 1. Nor have they managed to make their work sufficiently known in the typographic community ( Spencer, 1. Arguments in favour of serif typefaces. Serifs are used to guide the horizontal “flow” of the eyes; The lack of serifs is said to contribute to a vertical stress in sans serifs, which is supposed to compete with the horizontal flow of reading ( De Lange et al., 1. These are the most common claims when trying to make a case for the utility of serifs. However, serifs cannot in any way be said to “guide the eye”. In 1. 87. 8 Professor Emile Javal of the University of Paris established that the eyes did not move along a line of text in one smooth sweep but in a series of quick jerks which he called saccadic movements ( Spencer, 1. Rayner & Pollatsek, 1. Unfortunately many graphic designers and typographers continue to use this rationale for the existence of serifs, due to a lack of communication and cooperation with the research community. Serifs are used to increase spacing between letters and words to aid legibility. Serifs are not required to control letter and word spacing – in fact, serifs would be woefully inadequate for this purpose. In traditional letterpress systems, spacing is achieved with small pieces of metal inserted between the letters, and by the spacing between the letter form and the edge of the print block. Spacing is even easier to manipulate with modern computerised typesetting equipment. Furthermore, other features such as character ascenders and descenders should have a much greater effect on word recognition than serifs ( Poulton, 1. Readers prefer body text set in serif typefaces, so they must be more legible. Many studies conducted in the past did indeed find a preference for serif typefaces ( Tinker, 1. Zachrisson, 1. 96. However, Tinker commented that perceived legibility was due to a great extent to familiarity with the typeface. Indeed, more recent studies have shown that computer users prefer sans serif typefaces for body text online ( Boyarski et al., 1. Bernard et al., 2. Tullis et al., 1. Reynolds, 1. 97. 9 ). What is important to bear in mind is that in almost all legibility studies, reader preference or perceived legibility tends to be inconsistent with user performance ( Lund, 1. Serifs are used for body text because sans serif causes fatigue. It is often claimed that reading large amounts of body text set in sans serif causes fatigue, but there is no evidence to support this, as measuring fatigue has not been a concern in the vast majority of legibility research comparing serif and sans serif typefaces. Furthermore, “no satisfactory objective method of measurement has been devised. Subjective assessments of fatigue are subject to modification by a great many factors which may be totally unrelated to the experimental situation”. Others state that “design by brush before execution in stone gave rise to . Many web professionals such as graphic designers claim that this relatively low resolution cannot render effectively enough the fine finishing strokes of serif typefaces, and that sans serif typefaces lend themselves more naturally to being digitised, and come out cleaner and thus more legible. Digitised typefaces have to fit into a relatively small pixel grid (image . Sans serif fonts survive reproduction and smearing because of their simple forms. Some research has shown that serifs may actually become visual noise at very small sizes, detracting from the main body shape of the letter form ( Morris, et al., 2. However, this has not been confirmed in tests of continuous reading ( Poulton, 1. Other factors such as stroke thickness, counter size and x- height are likely to have a far greater effect in preserving the overall identity of a letter form whether it be through smearing or size reduction ( Poulton, 1. Reynolds, 1. 97. 9 ). Sans serif is better for children learning to read. Books produced for children are often printed with sans serif text as teachers claim that the simplicity of the letter shapes makes them more recognisable ( Coghill, 1. Walker, 2. 00. 1 ). But studies with child participants have found no difference in their ability to read either style of typeface. Conclusion. What initially seemed a neat dichotomous question of serif versus sans serif has resulted in a body of research consisting of weak claims and counter- claims, and study after study with findings of “no difference”. Is it the case that more than one hundred years of research has been marred by repeated methodological flaws, or are serifs simply a typographical “red herring”? It is of course possible that serifs or the lack of them have an effect on legibility, but it is very likely that they are so peripheral to the reading process that this effect is not even worth measuring ( Lund, 1. Indeed, a greater difference in legibility can easily be found within members of the same type family than between a serif and a sans serif typeface. There are also other factors such as x- height, counter size, letter spacing and stroke width which are more significant for legibility than the presence or absence of serifs. Poulton, 1. 97. 2 ; Reynolds, 1. Finally, we should accept that most reasonably designed typefaces in mainstream use will be equally legible, and that it makes much more sense to argue in favour of serif or sans serif typefaces on aesthetic grounds than on the question of legibility. References. Bell R. C., Sullivan J. L. F. Student preferences in typography. Programmed Learning and Educational Technology. A typical study on the aesthetic quality of fonts – these types of studies are only useful for a short time before fashion or technology changes the whims of readers. That said, they do need to be done from time to time if what I say in the conclusion is true. Bernard, M., Mills, M. So, what size and type of font should I use on my website? Usability News 2. Which font do children prefer to read online? Usability News 3. Determining the best online font for older adults. Usability News 3. A Comparison of Popular Online Fonts: Which is Best and When? Usability News 3. The Elements of Text and Message Design and Their Impact on Message Legibility: A Literature Review. Journal of Design Communication, No. Available at: http: //scholar. JDC/Spring- 2. 00. A nice balanced review of the elements of legibility and readability of typefaces, although does not explicitly mention readability, choosing to talk about how text is set and laid out under the “umbrella” term of legibility. Acknowledges that the serif/sans serif debate is divided and inconclusive but refers to Burt uncritically and wheels out the old argument about serifs reinforcing horizontal eye flow. How To Start Speedrunning Video Games. With the time- shattering feats and game- breaking exploits of Game Done Quick still fresh in our memories, some video game players might be wondering how they can start their journey in the mesmerizing world of speedrunning. Here’s some advice for those first few steps. Pick the right game. The first thing to do is pick the game you want to speedrun. This step may seem simple, but it makes a world of difference. Players who speedrun a single game, or a even a handful of games, have to spend an immense amount of time with their choice. Prepare yourself to see the same visuals and hear the same audio cues for many hours. Grand Poobear is a speedrunner from Portland who was inspired to start speedrunning by past Games Done Quick events. Currently his focus is on Super Mario Bros. Super Mario Relay Race of SGDQ 2. In an interview over Discord, he told Kotaku, “Try your favorite game of all time. See if it’s something you want to play over and over again. You have to really love that game. Finding a game that can constantly challenge you is important.”You don’t necessarily have to be “good” at the game you want to speedrun. An advanced skill level can certainly give you a headstart, but anyone who dedicates their time to perfecting the essential fundamentals of a game will likely improve quickly. Some speedrunners develop a new appreciation for a game through learning to speedrun it. Trihex is a legendary Yoshi’s Island runner who has been active on the speedrunning scene for over a decade (you may also recognize him as the “trihard” Twitch emote). He told Kotaku via Discord voice chat, “Speedrunning should always come from an area of passion. If you play a game casually and you beat it, and you’re still starving for more, that’s the game you speedrun. If you want a deeper understanding, and want to appreciate the finesse of every mechanic and every level design, the best way to do that is to speedrun it.”Obviously, some games lend themselves to speedrunning better than others. Classic titles like Super Mario World, The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, and Spyro are popular among runners because they’re quality games that have been researched and practiced by hundreds of players. That isn’t to say you shouldn’t pick an obscure game, but classic games will have a wealth of resources that can help when you’re just starting out. Find a community. Once you’ve selected a game, it can help to find others who share your passion. Most popular titles have Discord channels, which can be used to text or voice chat with other runners about the game. Each Discord community contains a list of text chats and voice chats where players discuss various aspects of the game, or just socialize with like- minded fans. Search torrents on dozens of torrent sites and torrent trackers. Unblock torrent sites by proxy. PirateBay proxies, RARBG unblocked and more torrent proxies.Many accomplished speedrunners will also be happy to help new runners out. Remember to approach them politely, with specific questions about a game or a run, and be understanding if you don’t get an answer. Twitch viewers can browse the thousands of games currently being played, or search for their specific title in the enormous sea of Twitch streamers. In fact, there is an entire Twitch community devoted to speedrunning with nearly 5,0. More popular series or individual games even have their own sites, such as The Legend of Zelda and Super Mario World. Communication and collaboration are key in the speedrunning community. While it’s certainly possible to learn a game all on your own, chances are there’s a community brimming with recommendations, strategies, and encouragement not far away. We take strategies from everyone. We couldn’t do it without the community.”Trihex says, “People who are glitch hunters and pass that information on are super helpful to the community. These are the unsung heroes of how routes are made.”Choose your equipment. Running classic games can come with a host of technical limitations. You can speedrun any game on any console you please, but there are always going to be certain versions of a game (especially older ones) that are prefered by the pros. Some versions of games run faster or slower than others. This can be due to developers updating a game’s code to fix bugs after launch or simply because a different region has less text to scroll through. For example, many runners choose to run Japanese games because there tends to be less text, or text that loads faster. Watch some runs and ask around. Once you have a game in mind it’s not too hard to decipher which version is considered the best for speedrunning. If the fastest version of your game isn’t native to your location you may need to pick up a new console. For instance, since the shell of the Nintendo 6. Japan and North America, the cartridges will only fit in their respective region’s consoles. Runners have found a way around this by using a Gameshark, which sits down in the console and allows players to put any game from any region on top. This obviously isn’t the case for all systems, but there are many times you can find a workaround. You can also look into practice carts and other emulators, which allow game files to be played outside of their intended consoles. Though these fall into a legal gray area, some runners prefer to use these game files for practicing their runs. Both practice carts and emulators can allow players to use “save states,” a feature that lets the game be saved at any particular moment. This can be very handy for practicing specific parts of a run that are not accessible after completion. This is only really done with old games, so if you’re running a modern title you’ll have to work with the game’s own save points. With the time-shattering feats and game-breaking exploits of Game Done Quick still fresh in our memories, some video game players might be wondering how they can. Conversion of original Vice City to GTA IV engine without any changing to HD. Only conversion with advantages of GTA IV engine.or not;). From millions of real job salary data. 0 salary data. Average salary is Detailed starting salary, median salary, pay scale, bonus data report. IGCD Tests Many older game consoles only work as intended on an analog cathode ray tube (CRT) TV. When a retro system is plugged into a modern HDTV it can suffer from input lag, meaning characters on the screen will react slightly slower than they normally would. It’s not always noticeable to the untrained eye, but many speedruns rely on precise timing and placement. A few frames can make all the difference when you’re calculating a crucial jump or trying to recreate a helpful glitch. Any system with normal AV cables (which have red, white, and yellow plugs) should be played on an old CRT, if possible. Newer consoles with HDMI outputs should work with any HDTV, though it’s always a good idea to fiddle with settings, as lag can still occur. If you’d rather not scour local garage sales and thrift stores for clunky old CRT TV sets you can spring for a box that upscales your old console to an HDTV with minimal lag. The most popular and reliable version of these boxes is called the Framemeister, which has various output settings. It usually sells for around $3. You’ll also want a good way to keep track of your run time. Far and away the best option is a free program known as Live. Split. This customizable speedrunning timer shows a running breakdown of each section involved in the game, letting players set hotkeys to start and reset different splits, or portions, of their run. It’s also a must- have if you’re speedrunning for an online audience, as it allows players many different visual setups. Learn the lingo. If you’re going to walk the walk, you better learn to talk the talk. Here are some of the most common phrases that speedrunners use. Completing the game in its entirety, which can often involve collecting items, defeating bosses, or clearing sidequests. Usually the hardest type of run. Any% - Completing the game by simply reaching the end. Usually the easiest type of run. Blind - Playing a title without knowing any of its specific tricks or strategies. Buffering - The act of inputting an action while another action is happening to save time. For example: Pressing the attack button while jumping, therefore triggering an attack as soon as the jump animation has concluded. Clips/Clipping - When part of a character or environment passes through another in an unintended way. Can sometimes be used to perform glitches. Damage boost - Purposely injuring oneself to speed up or get to a certain spot. Death Warp - Purposely dying to skip backtracking or to save time in general. Emulator - Software or hardware that allows a PC or console to run ROM game files. Frame - The frequency at which game animation is displayed. Usually 3. 0 frames per second or 6. Frame Perfect - A trick or technique that can only be pulled off in a single specific frame. Glitch/Bug - An exploitable mistake in a game’s code or design. Glitchless - A run that is devoid of any tricks that involve glitches. Lag - Gameplay slowdown, often attributed to a system processing too much at once. Pixel - A measure of space in games. Often very small. Pixel Perfect - A trick or technique that can only be pulled off in or on a specific space. RNG (Random Number Generator) - A section in a game’s code that spawns often unpredictable random events. ROM (Read- Only Memory) - A game file that works on an emulator. Save State - The ability to save a game at any moment within an emulator. Used for practice only. Save Warp - Saving the game to skip backtracking or to save time in general. Skip - A way to bypass part of the game’s story or a mandatory section of gameplay, usually involving a glitch. Splits- Key moments in speedruns used to record pace. If a game has set levels or worlds, these are usually used as designated splits. Strats - Strategies used during a run. TAS (Tool Assisted Speedrun) - A speedrun that is controlled by software or a program within an emulator to show the fastest route theoretically possible. Zips/Zipping - A type of clipping that helps speed up a run, usually by allowing the player early access to a section of the game. Practice the basics. Now it’s time to speedrun. Mastering a speedrun comes down to practicing basic techniques and learning each game’s specific tricks and strategies. Starting out speedrunning might seem intimidating, but it’s often easier than it looks. |